Steven Miran, Trump’s head of the Council of Economic Advisers, wrote a paper defending tariffs and arguing that tariffs are borne by foreign producers and that the rise in the dollar reduces the cost to Americans.

New tariffs are likely coming in Trump’s second term. While companies owe these import taxes, consumers usually foot the bill.

Canada is ready to respond to tariffs from its top trade partner the United States on Monday if President-elect Donald Trump follows through on his threat to impose them, Foreign Minister Melanie Joly said on Friday.

The easiest path—to continue with current offshore manufacturing and importing as is—will also be the costliest. President-elect Donald Trump made tariffs a cornerstone of his campaign. He has since doubled down, promising a 25% tariff on goods from Canada and Mexico, and a 10% raise (perhaps above the previously pledged 60%) on imports from China.